Thursday, April 30, 2020

Gardening/ Composting

The weather is getting warmer.

In Maryland, it's time to get out and plant your garden!  Even if you have no yard, you can plant container gardens or plant on your porch or deck.

I grew these starter plants from seeds and raised them on top of the radiator.


I have cilantro, which I transplanted into a planter on the front porch....  

I planted the tomatoes in pots on the deck...  

  


The beets I am going to plant in my City Farms garden plot.  If you don't know about City Farms, the city has garden all around the city.  for only $35, you can have a plot about 10' X 9' with access to garden tools, compost, manure, and wood chips. 

Cucumber plants were planted in hanging baskets on the privacy fence.

In another hanging basket in the front yard on a hook, I planted native coral trumpet honeysuckle, a vine which will grow tubular flowers to attract hummingbirds and butterflies.
  

I bought potting soil to fill the pots, but I also use organic compost created from food scraps in a plastic tub into which I punched hole for ventilation.  You can compost most vegetable scraps, fruit peels (except citrus), eggshells, coffee grounds, coffee filters.  I started with a layer of newspaper, then soil, then I added scraps and red wiggler worms.  
Here is a useful websites about composting....

My small front yard was mostly grass, which is not conducive to biodiversity, so I covered the border with wood chips and began planting native species into the wood chips.  In the center of the yard, I am thinking of making a little pond with a solar pump.

If you want a free load of wood chips for your yard, or to share with  neighbors, you can order free wood chips from … https://getchipdrop.com/signup/
Keep in mind that it may be a huge pile of chips, so be sure there is room on the street near the address you are requesting for.  They don't guarantee a particular day or time, so it could arrive when you least expect it.  And you can't ask for a particular amount.  But it is FREE!






  

If you don't have a yard, you can still grow plants indoors.  If you eat an avocado, you can save the pit and grow an avocado tree!  Just make sure you buy organic avocadoes from California.  Don't buy from Mexico.  80% of deforestation in Mexico is illegal and is done in order to grow avocados illegally.  The avocados are sprayed with herbicides, fungicides, and pesticides, and they use a lot of water which is needed by the local farmers and also by native plants and animals.  Most of the Mexican avocados are grown in Michoacan near Lake Zirahuen.  Lake Zirahuen used to be the cleanest lake in Mexico..  Now it is polluted with runoff from the avocado orchards.  Also, pesticides get into the air and poison local villagers, who then acquire kidney disease from them.  

Scrub the pit, gently.  Soak it in a cup of warm water overnight.  Peel off the brown skin.  Then, prop up the pit on the rim of a glass with three toothpicks, the flatter side of the pit facing down, and fill with water, making sure the lower third of the pit is in the water.  If the glass is clear, wrap a dark paper or cloth around it.  Roots don't do well in sunlight.  The pit will begin to crack in half, and roots will sprout from the bottom of the pit.  
Art Activity:  Draw each stage of development, in pencil and/or colored pencils and/or watercolor.  Science Lab:  Measure the roots every day.  Record on a graph.  Use two pits, one (or more) in a clear glass and one (or more) in a dark glass, and see if the roots grow at a different rate.

                                                                                     Avocado pits soaking in warm water overnight.


  Avocado pit propped up in a dark cup of water with toothpicks (the sharp hard ones work best.  Flat toothpicks will break when you try to push them into the pit.

Roots have started growing from the bottom!

A stem has sprouted on my avocado pit! 5.11.2020

Years ago, I was plant-sitting a 4-foot-tall avocado plant for a friend, but my puppy knocked it over and tore it to shreds while I was at school!

I will give this one to her when it gets bigger,  to make up for that accident 48 years ago.

You can also grow turnip greens from the top of a turnip! …


or a sweet potato.

Please post the home gardening activities you are doing, so we can all see!

5/11/2020
My grandchildren and I planted veggie seeds in our City Farms Garden.  For only $35 per year, you can have a 9' X 10' plot in which to plant whatever you want.  It's not too late to reserve your garden for this year.  Go to... https://secure.rec1.com/MD/baltimore-md/catalog

 It is so exciting to watch your garden and grow and then to pick and eat yummy vegetables from it.  This surely counts towards science credits for homeschooling!  The Green School of Baltimore has homework requirements for "Farm to Table" which goes perfectly with gardening!

Reading: has to be practiced in order to know what seeds you have!

This fellow invented a planting technique using his feet instead of hands!



The best part is finding worms and other insects!

















Monday, April 13, 2020

Foxes, Deer, Groundhogs, and Teeth

5/11/2020
Mother's Day, 2020 in Quarantine...
Saw these deer in Herring Run Park yesterday...


A little dog scared them away....




 4/13/2020
 I went for a walk yesterday in Herring Run Park with my dog.  She led me to a hole in the ground.  I sniffed but didn't smell the distinctive musky fox odor I usually smell near  a fox den.   I looked around the entrance for fox tracks but wasn't sure, since the soil was hard and not muddy.  I did see some track remnants of a kind of circular shape, that could have been from a fox.  I looked around for another entrance, since I know that groundhogs make a front and back door.  Foxes usually only have one doorway.  There was another entrance nearby, so I wondered if it could be a groundhog home.
However, upon closer inspection, I  found more evidence... a black and white bird feather just inside the entrance.  What animal would eat a bird?  Certainly not a groundhog!
 Groundhogs don't have any canines for eating meat!

There was also a part of a very small deer outside the entrance.   Just two hind legs, with most of the meat chewed off.  That's when I decided it must be a fox den.  Maybe it was even a mother fox who brought part of a dead fawn carcass to feed her kits.  I guess a fox can kill a fawn.  I know that fawns lie perfectly still with their eyes open if their mother leaves them alone.  I saw one like that once.  I thought it was dead, so I ran to get my camera to take a picture of it, but when I came back it was gone.  I wonder if the fawn would have stayed still while a fox bit it.

wild baby deer playing dead - Pixdaus                         fawn playing dead

What do foxes eat?  You can often tell what an animal eats by studying its teeth.  Look at this fox's teeth...

Red Fox by Wesley Liikane -- excellent view of teeth and tongue ...

And here is a fox skull...
Replica Red Fox Skull For Sale – Skulls Unlimited International, Inc.
What kinds of teeth does a fox have?
If you look closely, you will see 42 teeth, including 12 incisors, 4 canines for catching and killing prey, 16 premolars, and 10 molars.4 canine teeth.
Incisors are good for eating fruit like blackberries and raspberries.

Nature Picture Library - Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) portrait of ...


Molars are good for grinding grains like grass.

Go to this site to see a video of a fox hunting for worms.
https://www.wildlifeonline.me.uk/animals/article/red-fox-diet-what-foxes-eat

How many teeth do you have?  Look in a mirror or count them with your tongue.
What kinds are they?
What do you use your incisors for?
What about your canines?  If you are vegan or vegetarian, as many people are, notice how much smaller your canines are than a fox's.  Maybe people a long time ago had bigger canines and needed them for eating meat, but maybe human mouths have evolved to not have such big canines anymore.


fox eating a squirrel

What do you eat with your Molars?  Do you eat rice, barley, oatmeal, cereal, buckwheat groats, cornbread?

Creative Snack
Materials:  Fruits, vegetables, grains, etc.
Eat a variety of foods and try to pay attention to which teeth you are using for each.

Do you have any pets?  Look (safely) into their mouths to see what kinds of teeth they have and how many.  Only look in if they open their mouths; don't pry it open!  Does your cat have more canines than you?  Does your cat ever eat anything besides meat?
Did you know that dogs can be vegetarians, but cats can't?
Look up pictures of animal teeth.  Here's a sheepshead fish that has teeth very similar to humans.'

sheepshead fish human teeth photos

If you have any skulls that you found on the ground in the woods (I have found raccoon, fox, dog, and deer skulls), compare their teeth and try to guess what their diet might be (what kinds of foods they eat).

Deer Skull, compared with possum and coyote skulls ...
What Can I Learn From a Skull?
Carnivores eat meat, herbivores eat plants, and omnivores eat all kinds of things.

Art Activity:  If you have a skull or jawbone or feather, get some paper and a pencil (preferable HB) and draw a picture of it.  Expect to spend at least a couple of hours on it.  There are so many details.  The skull will have holes where the tendons were inserted to hold on the muslce, and where ligaments were inserted to hold bones to each other.  Or draw any object you find.  Post it here so we can all see!


April 17
In Herring Run Park, I saw three deer run out of the woods into the field.  One just stood there while the other two ran across the field.  One was running back and forth with its head down in a butting position.  I am guessing the one standing still was a female, and the other two were males fighting over her.

Tuesday, April 7, 2020

Maple Trees and Maple Syrup

I went for a walk yesterday in Herring Run Park and Clifton Park Golf Course.

I saw so many different kinds of maples with their twirly parachute seedpods clustered on the tips of the branches.  Go out and see how many you can find!  Don't forget to take a ruler marked with centimeters, so that you can compare your maple seeds and leaves with the measurements in the chart below...



Here are some that I saw.  If you can't get outside, try to identify these...
 Trunk of maple with leaves and seedpods above
Notice there are no leaves with these seedpods.

Are there always leaves on the branch with the seedpods?
How many seedpods are usually in a cluster?  What color are the seedpods?



How does the bark differ on each tree?





Creative SnackDid you know that maple syrup comes from maple trees?  It is sap, basically the "blood" of the tree, that carries dissolved food to all parts of the tree.  Syrup is sap that has been boiled to evaporate the water until the sap gets really thick.  Then you can put it on pancakes!  Here is a versatile pancake recipe that can be adapted to use whatever ingredients you have available or whatever your favorite ingredients are....
This recipe is adapted from Laurel's Kitchen cookbook and Sheldon's Lunch
  
...

Whole Wheat Pancakes
Ingredients:  2 cups whole wheat flour (or spelt flour)
                       1 teaspoon (t) sea salt
                       1 t baking soda
                       2 eggs, slightly beaten, or 2 T arrowroot powder or cornstarch
                       2 cups milk (non-GMO soy, almond, coconut, yogurt, or buttermilk)
                       2 Tablespoons (T) non-GMO, no antibiotics or hormones butter, and/or oil (walnut, soy, vegetable, not olive or canola or safflower)                           
                       1 pint of blueberries, or 1 cup raisins, grapes, or dried cranberries (preferably fruit juice=sweetened or unsweetened) 
                       Optional:  Substitute 1/2 cup rolled oats and/or cornmeal for 1/2 cup of the flour
                       Optional:  Add 1 cup chocolate chips or put on top to make eyes, nose, and mouth, while cooking (dark, Ghirardeli, grain-sweetened, preferably)
                       and/or 1 cup crushed walnuts or pecans
                       Optional toppings after finished cooking...
                                     butter
                                     pure maple syrup (Don't forget to refrigerate when done)
                                     peanut butter (without hydrogenated oil)
                                     no-sugar preserves
                                     cinnamon
                                     vanilla yogurt 
                                      
Instructions:  Pre-heat castiron skillet on medium or medium-high.  Mix dry ingredients.  Add wet ingredients.  Add fruits, nuts, and chocolate chips last.   Using ladle, pour batter into skillet.  When edges are brown, use spatula to turn pancake over.  When cooked, place on plate and cover with an overturned plate to keep warm while you cook others.  Extras can be wrapped and frozen or kept in fridge until next time you get hungry!     

Here is an Internet resource with maple syrup-related readings and activities...

Friday, April 3, 2020

ALL ABOUT BIRDS

Check out this great online resource on how to make your yard into a bird habitat....https://patterson.audubon.org/programs/bird-friendly-communities

HOW TO ATTRACT A WIDE VARIETY OF BIRDS TO YOUR YARD...

I put up a birdfeeder station with lots of different kinds of feeders to attract lots of different kinds of birds....



Platform feeder with mealworms, black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, mesh bag with thistle for finches, regular feeder, suet cake for woodpeckers, water bowl, and of course a baffle under it all to keep the squirrels out.









 Hummingbirds are coming!  How to attract them, how to make a toy bird, and how to eat like one!

Here on the east coast, we might see ruby-throated hummingbirds heading in April.

JourneyNorth by MonarchWatch has an interactive map showing where ruby-throated hummingbirds have been sighted.  If you see one, you can add your sighting to the map. https://journeynorth.org/hummingbirds

Here is  a website telling all how to make sugar water for your feeder... https://www.thespruce.com/hummingbird-nectar-recipe-386573

Art Activity:  Sock-bird

Materials:  Old socks (clean, of course), don't have to match!
                  Scraps of foam, felt, fabric, etc., for wings
                  Feathers - real, fake, dyed, any color, for wings and/or body decorations
                  Warm glue gun, warm glue sticks (safer than hot glue) and/or needle and thread
                  Google eyes, buttons, sequins for eyes
                  Filling - cotton stuffing, polyester stuffing, beans, cornhusks, etc. (unless you decide to make a puppet instead)
                  Pipe cleaners or wire for legs
                  Pistachio shells, seashells, foam scraps, or any odds and ends, for a beak
                  String, shoestrings, ribbons, twist ties, rubber bands, etc. (optional) to close end of sock
                  Photos of real birds for ideas - Look at all the different kinds of feet, beaks, wings, bodies.  Think about which feet are best for climbing, perching, walking on the ground, etc.  Think about which beaks are good for pecking, making holes in trees, tearing up rabbits, eating fruit, etc.  Fun Fact:  Did you know that the birds in New Zealand used to walk on the ground, and many flightless birds have gone extinct because of pet dogs killing them?
Be Creative!  You can make your bird realistic, or you can invent a unique one.  You can even make a monster or alien if you want! Or a different kind of animal altogether.

Instructions: 
1. Stuff the old mismatched sock with stuffing or beans.  Tie a knot at the open end.  (Or tie a string, ribbon, rubber band, etc., around it to keep the stuffing in.
2.  Choose some eyes.  Glue or sew them on.  Cut wings from foam or other materials.  If you want the wings to be the same size, use one as a template and trace around the first wing on the material with chalk or marker, then cut the second wing out.  Glue or sew on.
Make feet from pipe cleaners, one for the leg, then twist into 3 or 4 toes, always going back to the leg and wrapping around.  Do you want long legs like an ostrich or flamingo, or short legs like a chicken or quail?
3.  Add feathers on the body.
4.  If you decide to make a puppet instead of stuffed animal, be careful not to glue one side to the other.  You could cut a piece of cardboard or paper plate to put inside the sock while you are gluing things on.


Post your creations so we can see what you made!  (Add as a comment.)






Creative Snack: Eat like a Bird

Materials:  Bamboo or metal straw, chopsticks, large and small spoons, ladle, salad tongs, toothpicks, skewers, etc.
                   Seeds, nuts, fruit, berries,  raw edible grains (millet, rolled oats, cereal), juice, gummy worms

Instructions:  Pretend you are a bird.  Try to eat different foods, using different kinds of beaks.  Don't worry about making a mess;  cleaning up is almost as much fun as making the mess!  In this nice weather, you can eat outside and let the real birds clean up after you!


Website with bird beak activity:  https://adventuresinmommydom.org/bird-beak-experiment/